Chicken Anti-Campylobacter Vaccine – Comparison of Various Carriers and Routes of Immunization

Campylobacter spp, especially the species Campylobacter jejuni, are important human enteropathogens responsible for millions of cases of gastro-intestinal disease worldwide every year. C. jejuni is a zoonotic pathogen, and poultry meat that has been contaminated by microorganisms is recognized as a key source of human infections. Although numerous strategies have been developed and experimentally checked to generate chicken vaccines, the results have so far had limited success. In this study, we explored the potential use of non-live carriers of Campylobacter antigen to combat Campylobacter in poultry. First, we assessed the effectiveness of immunization with orally or subcutaneously delivered GEM (Gram-positive Enhancer Matrix) particles carrying two Campylobacter antigens: CjaA and CjaD. These two immunization routes using GEMs as the vector did not protect against Campylobacter colonization. Thus, we next assessed the efficacy of in ovo immunization using various delivery systems: GEM particles and liposomes. The hybrid protein CjaAD, which is CjaA presenting CjaD epitopes on its surface, was employed as a model antigen. We found that CjaAD administered in ovo at embryonic development day 18 by both delivery systems resulted in significant levels of protection after challenge with a heterologous Campylobacter jejuni strain. In practice, in ovo chicken vaccination is used by the poultry industry to protect birds against several viral diseases. Our work showed that this means of delivery is also efficacious with respect to commensal bacteria such as Campylobacter. In this study, we evaluated the protection after one dose of vaccine given in ovo. We speculate that the level of protection may be increased by a post-hatch booster of orally delivered antigens

Different Localizations and Cellular Behaviors of Leiomodin and Tropomodulin in Mature Cardiomyocyte Sarcomeres

Lmod is a muscle-specific actin nucleator that displays structural similarity to the filament pointed-end–capping protein, Tmod. The mechanisms of localizations of Lmod and Tmod in muscle sarcomeres are strikingly different. Lmod contributes to the organization of mature myofibrils through a mechanism that requires interaction with tropomyosin

"Don't try to teach me, I got nothing to learn": Management students' perceptions of business ethics teaching

[EN] Interest is growing towards including business ethics in university curricula, aiming at improving ethical behaviour of future managers. Extant literature has investigated the impact of ethics education on different ethics-related students' cognitive and/or behavioural outcomes, considering variables related to training programmes and students' demographic aspects. Accordingly, we aim at assessing students' understanding of business ethics issues, by focusing on the differences in students' perceptions depending on gender, age, work experience, and ethics courses taken. Testing our hypotheses on a sample of 307 management students at a Polish university, and controlling for social desirability bias, we obtained mixed and partially surprising results. We found significant differences in students' understanding of business ethics depending on their gender and age (female and older students showed more ethical inclinations), but not depending on having taken ethics courses-actually perceptions of such courses worsened after taking them. Besides, work experience was not a significant variable. Moreover, course exposure intensiveness (i.e., number of ethics courses completed), and time passed since completion of the latest course, did not confirm hypothesized effects on most of the dependent (sub)variables. These findings stimulate further questions and challenges for future research (e.g., around course design and methodology, and social/cultural/contextual issues).Tormo-Carbó, G.; Oltra, V.; Klimkiewicz, K.; Seguí-Mas, E. (2019). "Don't try to teach me, I got nothing to learn": Management students' perceptions of business ethics teaching. Business Ethics: A European Review. 28(4):506-528. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12236S506528284Adkins, N., & Radtke, R. R. (2004). Students’ and Faculty Members’ Perceptions of the Importance of Business Ethics and Accounting Ethics Education: Is There an Expectations Gap? Journal of Business Ethics, 51(3), 279-300. doi:10.1023/b:busi.0000032700.07607.02Allen, W. R., Bacdayan, P., Berube Kowalski, K., & Roy, M. H. (2005). Examining the impact of ethics training on business student values. Education + Training, 47(3), 170-182. doi:10.1108/00400910510592220Auger, P., & Devinney, T. M. (2007). Do What Consumers Say Matter? The Misalignment of Preferences with Unconstrained Ethical Intentions. Journal of Business Ethics, 76(4), 361-383. doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9287-yBampton, R., & Cowton, C. J. (2012). Taking Stock of Accounting Ethics Scholarship: A Review of the Journal Literature. Journal of Business Ethics, 114(3), 549-563. doi:10.1007/s10551-012-1341-3Bampton, R., & Maclagan, P. (2005). Why teach ethics to accounting students? A response to the sceptics. Business Ethics: A European Review, 14(3), 290-300. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.2005.00410.xBates, A., & Godoń, R. (2016). Tackling knowledge ‘like a business’? Rethinking the modernisation of higher education in Poland. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 47(4), 454-467. doi:10.1080/03057925.2016.1234931Beggs, J. M., & Dean, K. L. (2006). Legislated Ethics or Ethics Education?: Faculty Views in the Post-Enron Era. Journal of Business Ethics, 71(1), 15-37. doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9123-4Bernardi, R. A., & Bean, D. F. (2010). Ranking North American accounting scholars publishing ethics research: 1986 through 2008. Research on Professional Responsibility and Ethics in Accounting, 139-174. doi:10.1108/s1574-0765(2010)0000014010Blanthorne, C., Kovar, S. E., & Fisher, D. G. (2007). Accounting Educators’ Opinions about Ethics in the Curriculum: An Extensive View. 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An experimental examination of the effects of individual and situational factors on unethical behavioral intentions in the workplace. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(5), 511-523. doi:10.1007/bf00381927Jones, T. M. (1991). Ethical Decision Making by Individuals in Organizations: An Issue-Contingent Model. The Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 366. doi:10.2307/258867Kaynama, S. A., King, A., & Smith, L. W. (1996). The impact of a shift in organizational role on ethical perceptions: A comparative study. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(5), 581-590. doi:10.1007/bf00381933Kish-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010). Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: Meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 1-31. doi:10.1037/a0017103Kinach-Brzozowska, K. (1995). Window on Eastern Europe: Teaching Ethics in Gda?sk. Business Ethics: A European Review, 4(4), 233-235. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.1995.tb00121.xLarkin, J. M. (2000). Journal of Business Ethics, 23(4), 401-409. doi:10.1023/a:1006150718834Lau, C. L. L. (2009). A Step Forward: Ethics Education Matters! Journal of Business Ethics, 92(4), 565-584. doi:10.1007/s10551-009-0173-2Lehnert, K., Park, Y., & Singh, N. (2014). Research Note and Review of the Empirical Ethical Decision-Making Literature: Boundary Conditions and Extensions. Journal of Business Ethics, 129(1), 195-219. doi:10.1007/s10551-014-2147-2Lewicka‐Strzalecka, A. (2006). Opportunities and limitations of CSR in the postcommunist countries: Polish case. Corporate Governance: The international journal of business in society, 6(4), 440-448. doi:10.1108/14720700610689559Loe, T. W., Ferrell, L., & Mansfield, P. (2000). Journal of Business Ethics, 25(3), 185-204. doi:10.1023/a:1006083612239Low, M., Davey, H., & Hooper, K. (2008). Accounting scandals, ethical dilemmas and educational challenges. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 19(2), 222-254. doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2006.05.010Luthar, H. K., & Karri, R. (2005). Exposure to Ethics Education and the Perception of Linkage between Organizational Ethical Behavior and Business Outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 61(4), 353-368. doi:10.1007/s10551-005-1548-7Macfarlane, B., & Ottewill, R. (2004). Business Ethics in the Curriculum: Assessing the Evidence from U.K. Subject Review. Journal of Business Ethics, 54(4), 339-347. doi:10.1007/s10551-004-1823-zMaclagan, P., & Campbell, T. (2011). Focusing on individuals’ ethical judgement in corporate social responsibility curricula. Business Ethics: A European Review, 20(4), 392-404. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.2011.01634.xMadison, R. L., & Schmidt, J. J. (2006). Survey of Time Devoted to Ethics in Accountancy Programs in North American Colleges and Universities. Issues in Accounting Education, 21(2), 99-109. doi:10.2308/iace.2006.21.2.99Malinowski, C., & Berger, K. A. (1996). Undergraduate student attitudes about hypothetical marketing dilemmas. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(5), 525-535. doi:10.1007/bf00381928Marnburg, E. (2001). Journal of Business Ethics, 32(4), 275-283. doi:10.1023/a:1010643309056Marnburg, E. (2003). Educational impacts on academic business practitioner’s moral reasoning and behaviour: effects of short courses in ethics or philosophy. Business Ethics: A European Review, 12(4), 403-413. doi:10.1111/1467-8608.00341May, D. R., Luth, M. T., & Schwoerer, C. E. (2013). The Influence of Business Ethics Education on Moral Efficacy, Moral Meaningfulness, and Moral Courage: A Quasi-experimental Study. Journal of Business Ethics, 124(1), 67-80. doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1860-6Mayhew, B. W., & Murphy, P. R. (2008). The Impact of Ethics Education on Reporting Behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 86(3), 397-416. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9854-5McCabe, A. C., Ingram, R., & Dato-on, M. C. (2006). ‘The Business of Ethics and Gender’. Journal of Business Ethics, 64(2), 101-116. doi:10.1007/s10551-005-3327-xMedeiros, K. E., Watts, L. L., Mulhearn, T. J., Steele, L. M., Mumford, M. D., & Connelly, S. (2017). What is Working, What is Not, and What We Need to Know: a Meta-Analytic Review of Business Ethics Instruction. Journal of Academic Ethics, 15(3), 245-275. doi:10.1007/s10805-017-9281-2Nguyen, N. T., & Biderman, M. D. (2008). Studying Ethical Judgments and Behavioral Intentions Using Structural Equations: Evidence from the Multidimensional Ethics Scale*. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(4), 627-640. doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9644-5O’Fallon, M. J., & Butterfield, K. D. (2005). A Review of The Empirical Ethical Decision-Making Literature: 1996–2003. Journal of Business Ethics, 59(4), 375-413. doi:10.1007/s10551-005-2929-7Pan, Y., & Sparks, J. R. (2012). Predictors, consequence, and measurement of ethical judgments: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of Business Research, 65(1), 84-91. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.02.002Peppas, S. C., & Diskin, B. A. (2001). College courses in ethics: do they really make a difference? International Journal of Educational Management, 15(7), 347-353. doi:10.1108/09513540110407947Peterson, D., Rhoads, A., & Vaught, B. C. (2001). Journal of Business Ethics, 31(3), 225-232. doi:10.1023/a:1010744927551Rentsch, J. R., & Klimoski, R. J. (2001). Why do ?great minds? think alike?: antecedents of team member schema agreement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22(2), 107-120. doi:10.1002/job.81Popowska, M. (2016). Shaping New Generations of Managers and Consumers: CSR Implementation and Higher Education System in Poland. Social Responsibility Education Across Europe, 115-138. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26716-6_6Rajah, R., Reifferscheid, G., & Borgmann, E.-L. (2016). Social Responsibility Education in Germany. Social Responsibility Education Across Europe, 29-48. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26716-6_2Randall, D. M., & Fernandes, M. F. (1991). The social desirability response bias in ethics research. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(11), 805-817. doi:10.1007/bf00383696Rest, J. R. (1980). Development in moral judgment research. Developmental Psychology, 16(4), 251-256. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.16.4.251Ritter, B. A. (2006). Can Business Ethics be Trained? A Study of the Ethical Decision-making Process in Business Students. Journal of Business Ethics, 68(2), 153-164. doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9062-0Roozen, I., De Pelsmacker, P., & Bostyn, F. (2001). Journal of Business Ethics, 33(2), 87-99. doi:10.1023/a:1017536222355Ruegger, D., & King, E. W. (1992). A study of the effect of age and gender upon student business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 11(3), 179-186. doi:10.1007/bf00871965Ryan, L. V. (1995). WINDOW ON EASTERN EUROPE: Ethical Perceptions of Polish Business Students. Business Ethics: A European Review, 4(1), 36-42. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.1995.tb00108.xSleeper, B. J., Schneider, K. C., Weber, P. S., & Weber, J. E. (2006). Scale and Study of Student Attitudes Toward Business Education’s Role in Addressing Social Issues. Journal of Business Ethics, 68(4), 381-391. doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9000-1Sojkin, B., Bartkowiak, P., & Skuza, A. (2014). Changes in students’ choice determinants in Poland: a comparative study of tertiary business education between 2008 and 2013. Higher Education, 69(2), 209-224. doi:10.1007/s10734-014-9770-9Stachowicz-Stanusch, A. (2011). The Impact of Business Education on Students’ Moral Competency. Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective, 15(2), 163-176. doi:10.1177/097226291101500207Stedham, Y., Yamamura, J. H., & Beekun, R. I. (2007). Gender differences in business ethics: justice and relativist perspectives. Business Ethics: A European Review, 16(2), 163-174. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8608.2007.00486.xStrahan, R., & Gerbasi, K. C. (1972). Short, homogeneous versions of the Marlow-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. 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Sarcomeric Pattern Formation by Actin Cluster Coalescence

Contractile function of striated muscle cells depends crucially on the almost crystalline order of actin and myosin filaments in myofibrils, but the physical mechanisms that lead to myofibril assembly remains ill-defined. Passive diffusive sorting of actin filaments into sarcomeric order is kinetically impossible, suggesting a pivotal role of active processes in sarcomeric pattern formation. Using a one-dimensional computational model of an initially unstriated actin bundle, we show that actin filament treadmilling in the presence of processive plus-end crosslinking provides a simple and robust mechanism for the polarity sorting of actin filaments as well as for the correct localization of myosin filaments. We propose that the coalescence of crosslinked actin clusters could be key for sarcomeric pattern formation. In our simulations, sarcomere spacing is set by filament length prompting tight length control already at early stages of pattern formation. The proposed mechanism could be generic and apply both to premyofibrils and nascent myofibrils in developing muscle cells as well as possibly to striated stress-fibers in non-muscle cells

Hypertrophic Stimulation Increases β-actin Dynamics in Adult Feline Cardiomyocytes

The myocardium responds to hemodynamic stress through cellular growth and organ hypertrophy. The impact of cytoskeletal elements on this process, however, is not fully understood. While α-actin in cardiomyocytes governs muscle contraction in combination with the myosin motor, the exact role of β-actin has not been established. We hypothesized that in adult cardiomyocytes, as in non-myocytes, β-actin can facilitate cytoskeletal rearrangement within cytoskeletal structures such as Z-discs. Using a feline right ventricular pressure overload (RVPO) model, we measured the level and distribution of β-actin in normal and pressure overloaded myocardium. Resulting data demonstrated enriched levels of β-actin and enhanced translocation to the Triton-insoluble cytoskeletal and membrane skeletal complexes. In addition, RVPO in vivo and in vitro hypertrophic stimulation with endothelin (ET) or insulin in isolated adult cardiomyocytes enhanced the content of polymerized fraction (F-actin) of β-actin. To determine the localization and dynamics of β-actin, we adenovirally expressed GFP-tagged β-actin in isolated adult cardiomyocytes. The ectopically expressed β-actin-GFP localized to the Z-discs, costameres, and cell termini. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements of β-actin dynamics revealed that β-actin at the Z-discs is constantly being exchanged with β-actin from cytoplasmic pools and that this exchange is faster upon hypertrophic stimulation with ET or insulin. In addition, in electrically stimulated isolated adult cardiomyocytes, while β-actin overexpression improved cardiomyocyte contractility, immunoneutralization of β-actin resulted in a reduced contractility suggesting that β-actin could be important for the contractile function of adult cardiomyocytes. These studies demonstrate the presence and dynamics of β-actin in the adult cardiomyocyte and reinforce its usefulness in measuring cardiac cytoskeletal rearrangement during hypertrophic stimulation

DAAM is required for thin filament formation and Sarcomerogenesis during muscle development in Drosophila.

During muscle development, myosin and actin containing filaments assemble into the highly organized sarcomeric structure critical for muscle function. Although sarcomerogenesis clearly involves the de novo formation of actin filaments, this process remained poorly understood. Here we show that mouse and Drosophila members of the DAAM formin family are sarcomere-associated actin assembly factors enriched at the Z-disc and M-band. Analysis of dDAAM mutants revealed a pivotal role in myofibrillogenesis of larval somatic muscles, indirect flight muscles and the heart. We found that loss of dDAAM function results in multiple defects in sarcomere development including thin and thick filament disorganization, Z-disc and M-band formation, and a near complete absence of the myofibrillar lattice. Collectively, our data suggest that dDAAM is required for the initial assembly of thin filaments, and subsequently it promotes filament elongation by assembling short actin polymers that anneal to the pointed end of the growing filaments, and by antagonizing the capping protein Tropomodulin

Zagadnienia dotyczące środowiska naturalnego we współczesnej rachunkowości

Contemporary enterprises when making business decisions must take many aspects into consideration. Many of them are of economic and legal nature, but some regard to environment issues. Ecology is an important factor taken into account when judging and positioning companies, and therefore owners and other stakeholders expect information about these aspects of business' operations. Environment reporting is an important element of social accounting, which is linked to the idea of a sustainable development of enterprises.Współczesne przedsiębiorstwa, podejmując decyzje biznesowe, muszą uwzględnić nie tylko uwarunkowania ekonomiczne i prawne, ale również zagadnienia środowiska naturalnego. Ekologia to ważny czynnik wpływający na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstw i dlatego właściciele oraz inni interesariusze podmiotu coraz częściej oczekują od jednostek dostarczania informacji o tych aspektach działalności. Raportowanie w zakresie wykorzystania i ochrony środowiska naturalnego jest elementem rachunkowości społecznej, która powiązana jest z ideą zrównoważonego rozwoju przedsiębiorstw

Wdrażanie zintegrowanych systemów zarządzania i zmiany w roli służb księgowych - Polska perspektywa

ERP systems integrate all processes and software users in one computerized environment reshaping organization to fit into system�fs functionalities. ERP system implementation is a complex process with technical and socio�-organizational issues. As ERP system encompass financial data and management decision modules, accountants are important actors of the system both during implementation and after go�-live stage

Ethical aspects of accounting decisions made by managers in the context of agency and stakeholders theories

W dobie rozdzielenia funkcji właścicielskich oraz zarządzających prezentacja wyników działalności jednostki nabiera szczególnego znaczenia, ponieważ stanowi podstawę do przeprowadzenia rozrachunku zarządzającego z właścicielem. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja zagadnienia zarządzania wyborami w rachunkowości, które to decyzje podejmują zarządzający jednostką, a które wpływają na organizację i tworzenie informacji dostarczanych interesariuszom jednostki. Dla przeprowadzenia rozważań wykorzystano teorie stosowane w naukach ekonomicznych: teorię interesariuszy oraz teorię agencji.In the era of ownership and management separation, the presentation of financial results of an entity is of crucial importance. It serves as a fundament of management-owner financial settlement. The aim of the paper is to present the issues relating to choices made in accounting policy that are decided by management and that influence the way accounting information is created and disclosed in financial reports. Agency as well as stakeholder theories were used in order to present author’s deliberations about the importance of ethics

Aspekty finansowe wykorzystania kluczowych mierników dokonań w inżynierii produkcji – przypadek jednostki świadczącej niejednorodne usługi

The article investigates the management of production processes in case of differentiated manufacturing processes that occur in a small enterprise. Authors state that appropriate managerial decision-making should encompass non-financial indicators of important costing determinants that are crucial for cost management and their improvement. The aim of the article is to develop a possible set of key performance indicators helpful in achieving operational objectives in main performance areas. By incorporating non-financial (and non-monetary) data referring to production activities, authors indicated important determinants that should be included into effectiveness and economics evaluation carried out within production engineering.W artykule poruszono problem zarządzania procesami wytwórczymi w sytuacji braku powtarzalności działań produkcyjnych, tj. świadczenia niejednorodnych usług. Autorzy stwierdzają, że właściwe podejmowanie decyzji wymaga uwzględnienia parametrów niefinansowych, które kształtują koszty produkcji i są kluczowe w procesie zarządzania kosztami. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie zestawu kluczowych mierników dokonań użytecznych w procesie operacyjnego zarządzania głównymi finansowymi obszarami procesu produkcyjnego. Poprzez włączenie niefinansowych (i niepieniężnych) danych o działalności produkcyjnej (usługowej) wskazano na istotne determinanty procesów wytwórczych, które powinny mieć znaczenie dla oceny ich efektywności i ekonomiczności wyrażanych tradycyjnie za pomocą informacji finansowych